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C语言学生成绩管理系统
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前言
这篇博客针对<<C语言学生成绩管理系统>>编写代码，代码整洁，规则，易读。 学习与应用推荐首选。
文章目录
一、所需工具软件
二、使用步骤
1. 引入库
2. 创建结构体
3. 创建元素操作函数
4. 运行结果
三、在线协助
一、所需工具软件
1. Visual Studio
2. C/C++
二、使用步骤
1.引入库
代码如下（示例）：
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<stdlib.h>
-
#include<stdlib.h>
-
#include<string.h>
2.创建结构体
代码如下（示例）：
-
struct Student {
//每个学生对应一个结构体
-
char ID[
20];
//学号
-
char Name[
10];
//姓名
-
float Mark1;
//语文成绩
-
float Mark2;
//数学成绩
-
float Mark3;
//英语成绩
-
float Mark4;
//计算机成绩
-
float All;
//总分
-
float Average;
//平均成绩
-
}students[
1000];
该处使用的url网络请求的数据。
3.创建元素操作函数：
代码如下（示例）：
-
int num =
0;
//计数器
-
void Copy(struct Student* arr, int i, int j)
-
{
-
strcpy(arr[i].ID, arr[j].ID);
-
strcpy(arr[i].Name, arr[j].Name);
-
arr[i].Mark1 = arr[j].Mark1;
-
arr[i].Mark2 = arr[j].Mark2;
-
arr[i].Mark3 = arr[j].Mark3;
-
arr[i].Mark4 = arr[j].Mark4;
-
arr[i].All = arr[j].All;
-
arr[i].Average = arr[j].Average;
-
}
-
int Student_SearchByName(char name[])//通过姓名来检索学生
-
{
-
int i;
-
for (i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
if (
strcmp(students[i].Name, name) ==
0)
//通过strcmp函数来对比学生姓名，找到返回在数组的位置
-
{
-
return i;
-
}
-
}
-
return
-1;
//未找到返回 -1
-
}
-
int Student_SearchByIndex(char id[])//通过学号来检索学生信息
-
{
-
int i;
-
for (i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
if (
strcmp(students[i].ID, id) ==
0)
//通过strcmp函数来对比学生id，找到返回位置
-
{
-
return i;
-
}
-
}
-
return
-1;
//未找到返回 -1
-
}
-
void Student_DisplaySingle(int index)//输出表头
-
{
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"语文",
"数学",
"英语",
"计算机",
"总成绩",
"平均成绩");
-
printf(
"-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n", students[index].ID, students[index].Name,
-
students[index].Mark1, students[index].Mark2, students[index].Mark3, students[index].Mark4, students[index].All, students[index].Average);
-
}
-
void inputt()//利用循环录入学生信息
-
{
-
while (
1)
-
{
-
printf(
"请输入学号:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[num].ID);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入姓名:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[num].Name);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[num].Mark1);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[num].Mark2);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[num].Mark3);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[num].Mark4);
//依次输入各项数据
-
getchar();
-
students[num].All = students[num].Mark1 + students[num].Mark2 + students[num].Mark3 + students[num].Mark4;
//输完数据后自动计算总成绩与平均成绩
-
students[num].Average = (students[num].Mark1 + students[num].Mark2 + students[num].Mark3 + students[num].Mark4) /
4;
-
if (
Student_SearchByIndex(students[num].ID) ==
-1)
-
{
-
num++;
//移向下一个位置
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
printf(
"学号重复，输入数据无效 !!!\n");
-
}
-
-
printf(
"是否继续?(y/n)");
-
if (
getchar() ==
'n')
-
{
-
break;
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
void modify()//修改成绩
-
{
-
while (
1)
-
{
-
char id[
20];
-
int index;
-
printf(
"请输入要修改的学生的学号:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &id);
-
getchar();
-
index =
Student_SearchByIndex(id);
//调用搜查id函数，根据其返回值确定位置
-
if (index ==
-1)
-
{
-
printf(
"学生不存在!\n");
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
printf(
"你要修改的学生信息为:\n");
-
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
-
printf(
"-- 请输入新值--\n");
-
printf(
"请输入学号:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[index].ID);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入姓名:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[index].Name);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入语文成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[index].Mark1);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入数学成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[index].Mark2);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入英语成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[index].Mark3);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入计算机成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[index].Mark4);
//重新录入一套新的数据替代
-
getchar();
-
students[index].All = students[index].Mark1 + students[index].Mark2 + students[index].Mark3 + students[index].Mark4;
-
students[index].Average = (students[index].Mark1 + students[index].Mark2 + students[index].Mark3 + students[index].Mark4) /
4;
-
}
-
printf(
"是否继续?(y/n)");
-
if (
getchar() ==
'n')
-
{
-
break;
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
void deletee()//删除学生信息
-
{
-
int i;
-
while (
1)
-
{
-
char id[
20];
-
int index;
-
printf(
"请输入要删除的学生的学号:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &id);
-
getchar();
-
index =
Student_SearchByIndex(id);
//调用搜查id函数，根据其返回值确定位置
-
if (index ==
-1)
-
{
-
printf(
"学生不存在!\n");
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
printf(
"你要删除的学生信息为:\n");
-
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
-
printf(
"是否真的要删除?(y/n)");
-
if (
getchar() ==
'y')
-
{
-
for (i = index; i < num -
1; i++)
-
{
-
Copy(students, i, i +
1);
-
//students[i]=students[i+1]; //把后边的对象都向前移动
-
}
-
num--;
-
}
-
getchar();
-
}
-
printf(
"是否继续?(y/n)");
-
if (
getchar() ==
'n')
-
{
-
break;
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
void display()//打印已录入的学生信息
-
{
-
int a;
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%8s%10s%10s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"语文",
"数学",
"英语",
"计算机",
"总成绩",
"平均成绩");
-
printf(
"-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n", students[a].ID, students[a].Name,
-
students[a].Mark1, students[a].Mark2, students[a].Mark3, students[a].Mark4, students[a].All, students[a].Average);
-
}
-
}
-
void insert()//指定位置插入学生信息
-
{
-
int a, b, c;
-
printf(
"请输入你要插入的位置");
-
scanf(
"%d", &a);
-
if (a > num) {
-
printf(
"输入的位置有误，请重新输入,当前共%d条数据\n", num);
-
scanf(
"%d", &a);
-
}
-
-
b = num -
1;
-
for (; b >= a -
1; b--)
-
{
-
//strcpy(students[b+1].ID,students[b].ID);
-
//strcpy(students[b+1].Name,students[b].Name);
-
//students[b+1].Mark1=students[b].Mark1;
-
//students[b+1].Mark2=students[b].Mark2;
-
//students[b+1].Mark3=students[b].Mark3;
-
//students[b+1].Mark4=students[b].Mark4;
-
//students[b+1].All=students[b].All;
-
//students[b+1].Average=students[b].Average;
-
Copy(students, b +
1, b);
//根据其输入的位置，将其及以后的数据向后移动一个位置
-
-
}
-
num++;
-
printf(
"请输入学号:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[a -
1].ID);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入姓名:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &students[a -
1].Name);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入语文成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[a -
1].Mark1);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入数学成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[a -
1].Mark2);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入英语成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[a -
1].Mark3);
-
getchar();
-
printf(
"请输入计算机成绩:");
-
scanf(
"%f", &students[a -
1].Mark4);
//输入新数据
-
getchar();
-
students[a -
1].All = students[a -
1].Mark1 + students[a -
1].Mark2 + students[a -
1].Mark3 + students[a -
1].Mark4;
-
students[a -
1].Average = (students[a -
1].Mark1 + students[a -
1].Mark2 + students[a -
1].Mark3 + students[a -
1].Mark4) /
4;
-
-
}
-
void search()//查询学生信息
-
{
-
while (
1)
-
{
-
char name[
20];
-
int index;
-
printf(
"请输入要查询的学生的姓名:");
-
scanf(
"%s", &name);
-
getchar();
-
index =
Student_SearchByName(name);
//调用搜查name函数，根据其返回值确定位置
-
if (index ==
-1)
-
{
-
printf(
"学生不存在!\n");
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
printf(
"你要查询的学生信息为:\n");
-
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
-
}
-
printf(
"是否继续?(y/n)");
-
if (
getchar() ==
'n')
-
{
-
break;
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
void sort()//根据平均分排序
-
{
-
int i, j;
-
//struct students tmp;
-
for (i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
students[i].Average = (students[i].Mark1 + students[i].Mark2 + students[i].Mark3 + students[i].Mark4) /
4;
-
}
-
for (i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
for (j =
1; j < num - i; j++)
-
{
-
if (students[j -
1].Average < students[j].Average)
-
{
-
-
Copy(students, num, j -
1);
-
Copy(students, j -
1, j);
-
Copy(students, j, num);
-
//tmp=students[j-1];
-
//students[j-1]=students[j];
-
//students[j]=tmp; //冒泡排序
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
int a;
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"语文",
"数学",
"英语",
"计算机",
"总成绩",
"平均成绩");
-
printf(
"-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n", students[a].ID, students[a].Name,
-
students[a].Mark1, students[a].Mark2, students[a].Mark3, students[a].Mark4, students[a].All, students[a].Average);
-
}
-
}
-
-
-
void SearchLow()//搜索不及格的并输出
-
{
-
int a;
-
printf(
" 语文不及格的有%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"语文");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark1 <
60)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark1);
//从头搜索到尾，若小于60就输出
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 数学不及格的有%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"数学");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark2 <
60)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark2);
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 英语不及格的有%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"英语");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark3 <
60)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark3);
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 计算机不及格的有%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"计算机");
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark4 <
60)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark4);
-
}
-
system(
"pause");
-
}
-
-
void SearchHigh()//搜索成绩最高者输出
-
{
-
int a;
-
int max;
-
printf(
" 语文最高分为%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"语文");
-
max = students[
0].Mark1;
-
for (a =
1; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark1 > max)
-
max = students[a].Mark1;
-
}
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (max == students[a].Mark1)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark1);
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 数学最高分为%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"数学");
-
max = students[
0].Mark2;
-
for (a =
1; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark2 > max)
-
max = students[a].Mark2;
-
}
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (max == students[a].Mark2)
-
printf(
"%10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark2);
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 英语最高分为%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"英语");
-
max = students[
0].Mark3;
-
for (a =
1; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark3 > max)
-
max = students[a].Mark3;
-
}
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (max == students[a].Mark3)
-
printf(
" %10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark3);
-
}
-
-
printf(
" 计算机最高分为%10s%10s%8s\n",
"学号",
"姓名",
"计算机");
-
max = students[
0].Mark4;
-
for (a =
1; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (students[a].Mark4 > max)
-
max = students[a].Mark4;
-
}
-
for (a =
0; a < num; a++)
-
{
-
if (max == students[a].Mark4)
-
printf(
" %10s%10s%8.2f\n", students[a].Name, students[a].ID, students[a].Mark4);
-
}
-
system(
"pause");
-
}
-
void Save()
-
{
-
FILE* fp =
fopen(
"temp.txt",
"w+");
-
fprintf(fp,
"%d\n", num);
-
for (
int i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
fprintf(fp,
"%s %s %f %f %f %f %f %f\n", students[i].ID, students[i].Name, students[i].Mark1, students[i].Mark2, students[i].Mark3, students[i].Mark4, students[i].All, students[i].Average);
-
}
-
fclose(fp);
-
}
-
void Load()
-
{
-
FILE* fp =
fopen(
"temp.txt",
"r");
-
fscanf(fp,
"%d", &num);
-
for (
int i =
0; i < num; i++)
-
{
-
fscanf(fp,
"%s %s %f %f %f %f %f %f\n", students[i].ID, students[i].Name, &students[i].Mark1, &students[i].Mark2, &students[i].Mark3, &students[i].Mark4, &students[i].All, &students[i].Average);
-
}
-
fclose(fp);
-
}
-
-
int main() {
-
int i;
-
while (
1) {
-
Load();
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t-------- 学生成绩管理系统-------\n\n\n\n");
//菜单
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t1. 增加学生记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t2. 修改学生记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t3. 删除学生记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t4. 插入学生记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t5. 显示所有记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t6. 查询学生记录\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t7. 按平均成绩排序\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t8. 输出各科目不及格学生\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t9. 输出各科目最高分\n\n");
-
printf(
"\t\t\t\t\t0. 退出\n\n\n");
-
printf(
"请选择(0-9):");
-
scanf(
"%d", &i);
-
switch (i) {
-
case
1:
inputt();
break;
-
case
2:
modify();
break;
-
case
3:
deletee();
break;
-
case
4:
insert();
break;
-
case
5:
display();
break;
-
case
6:
search();
break;
-
case
7:
sort();
break;
-
case
8:
SearchLow();
break;
-
case
9:
SearchHigh();
break;
-
case
0:
exit(
0);
-
default:;
-
}
-
Save();
-
}
-
return
0;
-
}
4.运行结果如下：
三、在线协助：
如需安装运行环境或远程调试，见文章底部微信名片，由专业技术人员远程协助！
转载：https://blog.csdn.net/alicema1111/article/details/128562565
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