MySQL 使用触发器记录用户的操作日志
使用 MySQL 触发器可以记录哪些用户、什么时间对数据表进行了增、删、改操作。如果执行删除操作，则记录删除之前的数据记录；如果执行更新操作，记录更新之前的数据记录。
一、创建用户数据表（emp）和保存操作日志的表（emp_log）
-- 创建用户数据表：emp
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`;
CREATE TABLE `emp` (
`emp_id` int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '员工id',
`emp_name` char(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '员工姓名',
`birth` date COMMENT '出生日期',
`salary` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00 COMMENT '工资',
`comm` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0.00 COMMENT '奖金',
`phone` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '电话',
`addr` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '地址',
`created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP comment '插入记录的时间',
`updated_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP comment '最后更新记录的时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_id`),
KEY `idx_empname` (`emp_name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT '员工信息数据表';
-- 查看表结构
mysql> desc emp;
+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+
| emp_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| emp_name | char(50) | NO | MUL | | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| salary | decimal(10,2) | NO | | 0.00 | |
| comm | decimal(10,2) | NO | | 0.00 | |
| phone | char(20) | NO | | | |
| addr | varchar(200) | NO | | | |
| created_at | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | |
| updated_at | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
+------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 创建操作日志表：emp_log
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp_log`;
CREATE TABLE `emp_log` (
`emplog_id` int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '操作日志id',
`operate_type` char(20) COMMENT '操作类型：insert（插入）、delete（删除）、update（更新）',
`operate_user` char(50) COMMENT '执行操作的用户名称',
`operate_time` datetime COMMENT '操作时间',
`emp_id` int(11) COMMENT '员工id',
`emp_name` char(50) COMMENT '员工姓名',
`birth` date COMMENT '出生日期',
`salary` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '工资',
`comm` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '奖金',
`phone` char(20) COMMENT '电话',
`addr` varchar(200) COMMENT '地址',
PRIMARY KEY (`emplog_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT '员工操作日志信息表';
-- 查看表结构
mysql> desc emp_log;
+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| emplog_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| operate_type | char(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| operate_user | char(50) | YES | | NULL | |
| operate_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| emp_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| emp_name | char(50) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| salary | decimal(10,2) | YES | | NULL | |
| comm | decimal(10,2) | YES | | NULL | |
| phone | char(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| addr | varchar(200) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------------+---------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
二、为 emp 表创建触发器
1、创建触发器 trigger_after_insert_emp
在 emp 表中插入记录时，把执行插入操作的用户名、操作类型（INSERT）、操作时间以及记录的内容添加到操作日志表（emp_log）中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_insert_emp`;
delimiter //
create trigger trigger_after_insert_emp
after insert on emp
for each row
begin
insert into emp_log(
operate_type,
operate_user,
operate_time,
emp_id,
emp_name,
birth,
salary,
comm,
phone,
addr
)
values(
'INSERT',
user(),
now(),
new.emp_id,
new.emp_name,
new.birth,
new.salary,
new.comm,
new.phone,
new.addr
);
end //
delimiter ;
2、创建触发器 trigger_after_update_emp
在 emp 表中更新记录时，把执行更新操作的用户名、操作类型（UPDATE）、操作时间以及更新之前记录的内容添加到操作日志表（emp_log）中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_update_emp`;
delimiter //
create trigger trigger_after_update_emp
after update on emp
for each row
begin
insert into emp_log(
operate_type,
operate_user,
operate_time,
emp_id,
emp_name,
birth,
salary,
comm,
phone,
addr
)
values(
'UPDATE',
user(),
now(),
old.emp_id,
old.emp_name,
old.birth,
old.salary,
old.comm,
old.phone,
old.addr
);
end //
delimiter ;
3、创建触发器 trigger_after_delete_emp
在 emp 表中删除记录时，把执行删除操作的用户名、操作类型（DELETE）、操作时间以及删除之前记录的内容添加到操作日志表（emp_log）中。
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `trigger_after_delete_emp`;
delimiter //
create trigger trigger_after_delete_emp
after delete on emp
for each row
begin
insert into emp_log(
operate_type,
operate_user,
operate_time,
emp_id,
emp_name,
birth,
salary,
comm,
phone,
addr
)
values(
'DELETE',
user(),
now(),
old.emp_id,
old.emp_name,
old.birth,
old.salary,
old.comm,
old.phone,
old.addr
);
end //
delimiter ;
三、数据验证
1、在 emp 中添加数据记录
/*
insert into emp(emp_name,birth,salary,comm,phone,addr)
values('刘红','1988-12-3',5000,1200,'13673521212','河南省新乡市'),
('王涛','1984-8-21',6000,700,'13755440012','河南省郑州市'),
('张静','1992-10-31',5500,800,'13073526644','河南省安阳市');
*/
mysql> insert into emp(emp_name,birth,salary,comm,phone,addr)
-> values('刘红','1988-12-3',5000,1200,'13673521212','河南省新乡市'),
-> ('王涛','1984-8-21',6000,700,'13755440012','河南省郑州市'),
-> ('张静','1992-10-31',5500,800,'13073526644','河南省安阳市');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
-- 查询 emp 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp;
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 |
| 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 |
| 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp_log;
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 |
| 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2、在 emp 中更新数据记录
-- 更新 emp 表中的数据（更新了两条记录）
mysql> update emp set salary = salary + 1000 where salary < 6000;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
-- 查询 emp 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp;
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 6000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 |
| 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 |
| 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 6500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp_log;
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 |
| 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |
| 4 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 5 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
3、在 emp 中删除数据记录
-- 删除 emp 表中的数据（删除了两条记录）
mysql> delete from emp where salary = 6000;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec)
-- 查询 emp 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp;
+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr | created_at | updated_at |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 6500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 |
+--------+----------+------------+---------+--------+-------------+--------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-- 查询 emp_log 表中的数据
mysql> select * from emp_log;
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| emplog_id | operate_type | operate_user | operate_time | emp_id | emp_name | birth | salary | comm | phone | addr |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
| 1 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 2 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 |
| 3 | INSERT | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:40:08 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |
| 4 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 5000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 5 | UPDATE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:47:56 | 3 | 张静 | 1992-10-31 | 5500.00 | 800.00 | 13073526644 | 河南省安阳市 |
| 6 | DELETE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:52:21 | 1 | 刘红 | 1988-12-03 | 6000.00 | 1200.00 | 13673521212 | 河南省新乡市 |
| 7 | DELETE | root@localhost | 2022-12-04 15:52:21 | 2 | 王涛 | 1984-08-21 | 6000.00 | 700.00 | 13755440012 | 河南省郑州市 |
+-----------+--------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+----------+------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
转载：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44377973/article/details/128173506
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