Android开发经验总结

2020-11-28 16:44 427人阅读评论(0)

Android开发经验总结

温馨提示：下文是博主在Android开发过程中，对常见部分问题进行的方法总结与经验杂谈，希望大家多多支持！！！

文章目录

Android开发经验总结
一、针对高版本API进行网络访问
二、利用Collections进行数据排序
三、对ListView进行Filter过滤
- 1.该过滤基于上述操作
四、用独特的Activity玩Android
- BaseActivity
五、插件如何让Android与代码爱不释手
六、对轻量级数据存储进行封装
七、如何搭建一个Fluutter项目
总结

一、针对高版本API进行网络访问

1.打开网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

2.网络权限文件配置

（1）XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"/>
</network-security-config>

（2）文件放置位置

（3）清单文件引用

3.网络框架及数据解析包的导入

（1）网络请求的封装

package com.fjzzy.pzc.utils;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.squareup.okhttp.MediaType;
import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient;
import com.squareup.okhttp.Request;
import com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author pzc
 * requestHttp 网络请求
 * address 请求地址后缀
 * jsonData 请求参数
 * isToken 是否携带Token
 * isType 请求类型
 * tClass 实体类
 */
public class OkHttpUtils {
   

    static final OkHttpClient CLIENT = new OkHttpClient();
    static final String URL="";
    static final String TOKEN="";

    public static <T> T requestHttp(String address, String jsonData, boolean isToken, String isType, Class<T> tClass) throws IOException {
   
        synchronized (CLIENT) {
   
            RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json"), jsonData);
            Request request = new Request.Builder()
                    .url(URL + address)
                    .build();
            if (isToken) {
   
                request.newBuilder().addHeader("替换你需要的Header", TOKEN);
            }
            switch (isType) {
   
                case "GET":
                    request.newBuilder().get();
                    break;
                case "POST":
                    request.newBuilder().post(body);
                    break;
                case "PUT":
                    request.newBuilder().put(body);
                    break;
                default:
            }
            return new Gson().fromJson(CLIENT.newCall(request).execute().body().string(), tClass);
        }
    }
}

二、利用Collections进行数据排序

（1）创建Enity类DataBean

package com.fjzzy.pzc.enity;

public class DateBean {
   
    public DateBean(int id, int num, String startTime, String endTime) {
   
        this.id = id;
        this.num = num;
        this.startTime = startTime;
        this.endTime = endTime;
    }

    public int getId() {
   
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
   
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getNum() {
   
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(int num) {
   
        this.num = num;
    }

    public String getStartTime() {
   
        return startTime;
    }

    public void setStartTime(String startTime) {
   
        this.startTime = startTime;
    }

    public String getEndTime() {
   
        return endTime;
    }

    public void setEndTime(String endTime) {
   
        this.endTime = endTime;
    }

    int id;
    int num;
    String startTime;
    String endTime;
}

（2）初始化并写入DataBean

List<DateBean> list;
list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new DateBean(1, 22, "2020-11-06", "2020-11-18"));
        list.add(new DateBean(2, 44, "2020-11-02", "2020-11-13"));
        list.add(new DateBean(3, 88, "2020-11-08", "2020-11-14"));
        list.add(new DateBean(4, 66, "2020-11-03", "2020-11-16"));
        list.add(new DateBean(5, 11, "2020-11-05", "2020-11-17"));
        list.add(new DateBean(6, 66, "2020-11-06", "2020-11-12"));
        list.add(new DateBean(7, 33, "2020-11-01", "2020-11-19"));

（3）ListView对数据源进行输出

        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        
        class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
   

        public MyAdapter(List<DateBean> data) {
   
            this.data = data;
            backData = data;
        }

        List<DateBean> data; //这个数据是会改变的，所以要有个变量来备份一下原始数据
        List<DateBean> backData;//用来备份原始数据

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
   
            return data.size();
        }

        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
   
            return data.get(position);
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
   
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
   
            @SuppressLint("ViewHolder")
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);
            ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
            viewHolder.tvId.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getId()));
            viewHolder.tvNum.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getNum()));
            viewHolder.tvsTime.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getStartTime()));
            viewHolder.tveTime.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getEndTime()));
            return view;
        }



        class ViewHolder {
   
            TextView tvId, tvNum, tvsTime, tveTime;
            View rootView;

            public ViewHolder(View rootView) {
   
                this.rootView = rootView;
                tvId = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_id);
                tvNum = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_num);
                tvsTime = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_startTime);
                tveTime = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_endTime);
            }
        }
        
    }

附：1.ListView绑定的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:gravity="center">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_id"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="1"
            android:textSize="20dp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_num"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="1"
            android:textSize="20dp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_startTime"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="2"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="1"
            android:textSize="20dp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_endTime"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="2"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="1"
            android:textSize="20dp" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

附：2.主界面布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp">
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/edit_select"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="3"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_select"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="#fff"
            android:text="搜索"
            android:textSize="20dp"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_selectUp"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="up"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_selectDown"
            android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="down"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_selectTime"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="按时间排序"/>
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_View"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>

（4）进行排序

1.升序

        btnSelectUp.setOnClickListener((v) -> {
   
            Collections.sort(list, new MaxNum());
            ///数据显示
            listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(list));
        });
        
	///排序的方法
    static class MaxNum implements Comparator {
   

        @Override
        public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
   
            DateBean bean = (DateBean) o1;
            DateBean thisBean = (DateBean) o2;
            return Integer.compare(bean.getId() & bean.getNum(), thisBean.getId() & thisBean.getNum());
        }
    }

2.降序

        btnSelectDown.setOnClickListener((v) -> {
   
            Collections.reverse(list);
            listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(list));
        });

三、对ListView进行Filter过滤

1.该过滤基于上述操作

package com.fjzzy.pzc;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Adapter;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Filter;
import android.widget.Filterable;
import android.widget.ListAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.fjzzy.pzc.enity.DateBean;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author pzc
 */
public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity {
   

    List<DateBean> list;
    List<DateBean> updateList;
    ListView listView;
    EditText editText;
    Button btnSelect, btnSelectUp, btnSelectDown, btnSelectTime;
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    BaseAdapter adapter;
    String text;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    protected int getLayout() {
   
        return R.layout.activity_main;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initView() {
   
        list = new ArrayList<>();
        updateList = new ArrayList<>();
        listView = findViewById(R.id.list_View);
        //开启过滤
        listView.setTextFilterEnabled(true);
        editText = findViewById(R.id.edit_select);
        btnSelect = findViewById(R.id.btn_select);
        btnSelectUp = findViewById(R.id.btn_selectUp);
        btnSelectDown = findViewById(R.id.btn_selectDown);
        btnSelectTime = findViewById(R.id.btn_selectTime);
    }

    @Override
    protected void initData() {
   
        @SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat") SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
        Date date = new Date();
        date.getTime();
        String format = simpleDateFormat.format(date);
        Log.d(TAG, "initData: " + format);
        list.add(new DateBean(1, 22, "2020-11-06", "2020-11-18"));
        list.add(new DateBean(2, 44, "2020-11-02", "2020-11-13"));
        list.add(new DateBean(3, 88, "2020-11-08", "2020-11-14"));
        list.add(new DateBean(4, 66, "2020-11-03", "2020-11-16"));
        list.add(new DateBean(5, 11, "2020-11-05", "2020-11-17"));
        list.add(new DateBean(6, 66, "2020-11-06", "2020-11-12"));
        list.add(new DateBean(7, 33, "2020-11-01", "2020-11-19"));
        adapter = new MyAdapter(list);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void clickEvent() {
   
        btnSelect.setOnClickListener((v -> {
   
            text = editText.getText().toString().trim();
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {
   
                //搜索文本为空时，过滤设置
                listView.clearTextFilter();
                text = null;
                runOnUiThread(() -> {
   
                    listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(list));
                });
            } else {
   
                //设置过滤关键字
                listView.setFilterText(text);
            }
        }));
        btnSelectUp.setOnClickListener((v) -> {
   
            if (text != null) {
   
                Collections.sort(updateList, new MaxNum());
            } else {
   
                Collections.sort(list, new MaxNum());
            }
            runOnUiThread(() -> {
   
                if (text != null) {
   
                    listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(updateList));
                } else {
   
                    listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(list));
                }
            });
        });
        btnSelectDown.setOnClickListener((v) -> {
   

            if (text != null) {
   
                Collections.sort(updateList, new MinMum());
            } else {
   
                Collections.sort(list, new MinMum());
            }
//            Collections.reverse(list);
            runOnUiThread(() -> {
   
                if (text != null) {
   
                    listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(updateList));
                } else {
   
                    listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(list));
                }
            });
        });
    }

    static class MaxNum implements Comparator {
   

        @Override
        public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
   
            DateBean bean = (DateBean) o1;
            DateBean thisBean = (DateBean) o2;
            return Integer.compare(bean.getId() & bean.getNum(), thisBean.getId() & thisBean.getNum());
        }
    }

    static class MinMum implements Comparator {
   

        @Override
        public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
   
            DateBean bean = (DateBean) o1;
            DateBean thisBean = (DateBean) o2;
            return Integer.compare(thisBean.getNum(), bean.getNum());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
   

    }

    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements Filterable {
   

        public MyAdapter(List<DateBean> data) {
   
            this.data = data;
            backData = data;
        }

        List<DateBean> data; //这个数据是会改变的，所以要有个变量来备份一下原始数据
        List<DateBean> backData;//用来备份原始数据
        MyFilter mFilter;

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
   
            return data.size();
        }

        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
   
            return data.get(position);
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
   
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
   
            @SuppressLint("ViewHolder")
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);
            ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);
            viewHolder.tvId.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getId()));
            viewHolder.tvNum.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getNum()));
            viewHolder.tvsTime.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getStartTime()));
            viewHolder.tveTime.setText(String.valueOf(data.get(position).getEndTime()));
            return view;
        }

        @Override
        public Filter getFilter() {
   
            if (mFilter == null) {
   
                mFilter = new MyFilter();
            }
            return mFilter;
        }

        class ViewHolder {
   
            TextView tvId, tvNum, tvsTime, tveTime;
            View rootView;

            public ViewHolder(View rootView) {
   
                this.rootView = rootView;
                tvId = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_id);
                tvNum = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_num);
                tvsTime = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_startTime);
                tveTime = rootView.findViewById(R.id.tv_endTime);
            }
        }

        class MyFilter extends Filter {
   

            @Override
            protected FilterResults performFiltering(CharSequence constraint) {
   
                FilterResults result = new FilterResults();
                List<DateBean> list;
                if (TextUtils.isEmpty(constraint)) {
   //当过滤的关键字为空的时候，我们则显示所有的数据
                    list = backData;
                } else {
   //否则把符合条件的数据对象添加到集合中
                    list = new ArrayList<>();
                    for (DateBean str : backData) {
   
                        if (str.getStartTime().contains(constraint) || str.getEndTime().contains(constraint)) {
   
                            Log.d(TAG, "performFiltering:" + str.toString());
                            list.add(str);
                        }

                    }
                }

                result.values = list; //将得到的集合保存到FilterResults的value变量中
                result.count = list.size();//将集合的大小保存到FilterResults的count变量中

                return result;
            }

            @Override
            protected void publishResults(CharSequence constraint, FilterResults results) {
   
                data = (List<DateBean>) results.values;
                updateList = data;
                Log.d(TAG, "publishResults:" + results.count);
                if (results.count > 0) {
   
                    notifyDataSetChanged();
                    Log.d(TAG, "数据发生了改变");
                } else {
   
                    notifyDataSetInvalidated();
                    Log.d(TAG, "数据失效");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

四、用独特的Activity玩Android

BaseActivity

package com.fjzzy.pzc;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;

/**
 * @author pzc
 */
public abstract class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
   

    public void initToolBar(TextView textView, Toolbar toolbar, boolean homeAsUpEnabled, String title) {
   
        textView.setText(title);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(homeAsUpEnabled);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
   
        if (item.getItemId() == android.R.id.home) {
   
            finish();
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(getLayout());
        initView();
        initData();
        clickEvent();
    }

    //fragment逐个退出
    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
   
        int count = getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount();
        if (count == 0) {
   
            super.onBackPressed();
        } else {
   
            getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStack();
        }
    }

    protected abstract int getLayout();

    protected abstract void initView();

    protected abstract void initData();

    protected abstract void clickEvent();
}

五、插件如何让Android与代码爱不释手

1.Alibaba Java coding Guidelines

阿里巴巴Java开发手册

2.OK, Gradle!

添加插件的利器

3.Rainbow Brackets

彩虹括号

4.activate-power-mode

IDEA的花式输入

去掉烦人的字母

5.GsonFormat

直接把json数据转换为实体类

六、对轻量级数据存储进行封装

package com.fjzzy.pzc.utils;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;

/**
 * @author pzc
 * context 上下文
 * shared 轻量级数据存储
 * fileName 文件名
 * key,data key,unData 键值对
 * isSave 不存则读
 */
public class SharedUtils {
   
    public static String shared(Context context,String fileName,String key,String data,String unData,boolean isSave){
   
        SharedPreferences preferences=context.getSharedPreferences(fileName,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        if (isSave){
   
            preferences.edit().putString(key, data).apply();
            return "save success";
        }else {
   
            return preferences.getString(key,unData);
        }
    }
}

七、如何搭建一个Fluutter项目

1.获取Flutter SDK

2.安装Flutter SDK

（1）载好的文件博主放在的是E盘

（2）载好后会多出如下文件

3.AS安装Flutter插件

4.配置环境变量

（1）编辑用户变量

FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL
https://storage.flutter-io.cn
PUB_HOSTED_URL
https://pub.flutter-io.cn

（2）编辑系统变量

E:\Flutter\flutter-1.24.0-10.2.pre\bin
E:\Flutter\flutter-1.24.0-10.2.pre\bin\cache\dart-sdk\bin
E:\Git\cmd
E:\Git\bin
E:\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core

5.安装Flutter

Win键+R
输入cmd

6.创建Flutter项目

总结

提示：把以前的开发经验整理分享出来，希望大家多多支持、指正呀！

此文原创、未经允许、不可转载！！！

博主QQ:691828516 学生党12小时在线+。+

微信：IU_lost_child 你没看错博主喜欢的是iu！！！

再次感谢大家的赏析！！！

转载：https://blog.csdn.net/Hdrosay/article/details/109800324

查看评论

飞道的博客

飞道的博客

个人资料

文章分类

文章存档

阅读排行

评论排行

推荐文章