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python爬取小说存储至Mysql并用 django框架做了搜索呈现界面【django搜索呈现阶段】

2020-04-01 15:16 562人阅读  评论(0)

环境：pycharm3.6 mysql django html js

1、创建虚拟环境： python -m venv bxwx001

2、CMD进入Scripts目录下 输入指令：activate ，激活虚拟环境

3、将项目需要的包下载到虚拟环境 pip install django/pymysql …
4、创建django 项目 切换到虚拟环境目录下 django startproject bxwx ，创建名为bxwx的django项目。

5、切换到bxwx 目录，创建app 指令：python manage.py startapp bookinfo
6、因为django框架自带后台，所以可以直接创建超级管理员 ： python manage.py createsuperuser ，会让输入账号，默认python ，输入密码 ，按要求输入即可，密码不可见。
7、进入项目，可看到以下文件

文件功能我这里就不讲了，我也还没有很精通，只会用。
流程：
a.项目bxwx/settings 做系统配置包括 语言、时区、数据库等的修改。
b.由于没有使用框架默认的sqlite，所以需要在bxwx/init.py中

c.根据分析数据表和呈现方式 写models.py文件
d.根据models文件的类在admin文件中注册，并生成数据迁移（python manage.py makemigrations）和执行迁移

e.执行迁移后，会在app下的migrations 中生成一个0001_initial.py文件 ，里面记录了如何生成数据表，定义了数据表的字段

f.接下来就需要设计视图和模板了 ，在bxwx/urls 中配置，指向app的urls

g.在app的 views中定义各种视图（函数） 并调用相应模板，在项目bxwx下建模板文件templates，存放所有的app模板文件（.html） ，编辑好等待视图views调用 。

models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Bookinfo(models.Model):
    book_id=models.CharField(max_length=20,primary_key=True)
    book_name=models.CharField(max_length=20)
    book_author=models.CharField(max_length=20)
    book_introduce=models.CharField(max_length=200)
    book_update_time=models.CharField(max_length=20)
    img_src=models.CharField(max_length=100)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.book_name

class Bookinfo1(models.Model):
    book_id = models.CharField(max_length=20,)
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=20,primary_key=True)
    book_author = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    book_introduce = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    book_update_time = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    img_src = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    def __str__(self):
       return self.book_name

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from bookinfo.models import *

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    return render(request,'bookinfo/index1.html')

def bookinfo(request,keyWords):
  try:
    book=Bookinfo.objects.get(book_id=keyWords)
    context={'b':book}
    return render(request,'bookinfo/bookinfo.html',context)
  except:
      return render(request, 'bookinfo/error.html')

def bookinfoCN(request,keyWords):
    try:
     book = Bookinfo1.objects.get(book_name=keyWords)
     context={'b':book}
     return render(request, 'bookinfo/bookinfo.html', context)
    except:

      return render(request, 'bookinfo/error.html')

settings.py

"""
Django settings for bxwx project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'b*x3vav&e!=z42$1yji8^*y3_+(qi4*-@@a9v3_ba5@_w&su0&'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'bookinfo',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'bxwx.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'bxwx.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'bxwx1',
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'123456',
        'HOST':'localhost',
        'PORT':3306
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

搜索页面的html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>小说查询</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
function get_url(){
debugger;
     var sea = $('#keyWord').val();
     window.location.href='http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/'+sea+'/';
}
</script>

<style type="text/css">
    #box{
        width: 422px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei';
        font-size: 14px;
    }
    input{
        width: 300px;
        border: 1px solid #e2e2e2;
        height: 40px;
        background-size: 25px;
        background-position:5px center;
        padding:0 0 0 40px;
    }
    button{
        width: 80px;
        height: 42px;
        float: right;
        background: black;
        color:  white;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 32px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

</style>

</head>

<body background="https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1568266542099&di=9b453f4d5fe95f3e6af51752787d5aae&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fimg3.jc001.cn%2Fimg%2F285%2F1550285%2F1311%2F1352830e1352a80.jpg">

<div id="box">
<input id="keyWord"  type="text" value="" placeholder="请输入小说关键词">
<button id="serach" onclick="get_url()">搜索</button>
</div>
</body>
</html>

小说详情展示的页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>小说详情</title>
</head>
<body background="https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1568266542099&di=9b453f4d5fe95f3e6af51752787d5aae&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fimg3.jc001.cn%2Fimg%2F285%2F1550285%2F1311%2F1352830e1352a80.jpg">

<table border="1" width="1320px" >
<tr>
    <th width="200px">小说海报</th>
    <th width="40px">book_id</th>
    <th width="85px">小说名字</th>
    <th width="75px">小说作者</th>
    <th width="820px">小说简介</th>
    <th width="100px">最近更新</th>

  </tr>
  <tr>
      <td><img src="{{b.img_src}}" ></td>
      <td>{{b.book_id}}</td>
      <td>{{b.book_name}}</td>
      <td>{{b.book_author}}</td>
      <td>{{b.book_introduce}}</td>
      <td>{{b.book_update_time}}</td>


  </tr>

</table>


</body>
</html>

搜索界面如下：可通过小说book_id 和小说名查询 ，如果在数据找不到，则会跳转到指定界面。

下面我们来试一下：


再用小说名字试下：


输入一个数据库中找不到的小说 ：


随便输入任何字符：


到这里，说明已经成功的完成了搜索功能 并展示在前段界面。
数据库数据来源见上一篇文章：
python爬取小说存储至Mysql并用 django框架做了搜索呈现界面【爬虫-mysql阶段】


转载：https://blog.csdn.net/pythoner111/article/details/100768066
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