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JavaWeb核心技术系列教程(20)——JSP基本语法

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版权声明

  • 本文原创作者:谷哥的小弟
  • 作者博客地址:http://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl

在本节教程中,我们将介绍JSP常用的基本语法。

JSP表达式

JSP表达式用于将数据输出至客户端。

语法如下:

<%=表达式expression %>

示例如下:

<%=System.currentTimeMillis() %>

注意事项:

JSP表达式中的变量或者表达式之后不能有分号;

JSP脚本片段

JSP脚本片段是指嵌套在<% %>中的一条或多条Java代码。

语法如下:

 <% 
     Java Codes;
  %>

示例如下:

 <% 
     int number=9527;
     out.println("number="+number);
 %>

注意事项:

  • JSP脚本片段中的Java代码必须严格遵守Java语法规范,否则编译报错。
  • JSP页面中可以有一个或者多个JSP脚本片段。
  • 单个JSP脚本片段中的Java语句可以是不完整的。但是,多个JSP脚本片段组合后必须是完整的Java语句;否则,编译报错。因为,JSP脚本片段中的Java代码会被原封不动地移动到JSP页面对应的Servlet的_jspService( )方法中。

JSP声明

默认情况下,当JSP页面被翻译成Servlet程序时,JSP中包含的脚本片段、表达式、前端代码都将被翻译至Servlet的_jspService( )方法中。此时,JSP脚本片段中定义的变量都将成为_jspService( )方法中的局部变量,JSP脚本片段中定义的方法也都将插人到_jspService( )方法中。此时,因为在方法中再定义方法造成语法错误。为了解决类似问题,在JSP技术中提供了声明。

语法如下:

<%!
     Java Codes;
 %>

在该声明中的Java代码将会被翻译至_jspService( )方法之外。

示例如下:

 <%!
     private String name="lucy";
     private int age=18;
     public void printInfo(){
    	 System.out.println("name="+name+",age="+age);
     }
 %>

注意事项:

  • JSP声明中的Java代码必须严格遵守Java语法规范,否则编译报错。
  • JSP页面中可以有一个或者多个JSP声明。
  • 单个JSP声明中的Java语句可以是不完整的。但是,多个JSP声明组合后必须是完整的Java语句;否则,编译报错。因为,JSP声明中的Java代码会被原封不动地移动到JSP页面对应的Servlet的_jspService( )方法。

JSP注释

JSP中常用注释如下:

  • HTML风格的注释,即 <!-- 注释内容 -->

  • Java风格的注释,即 // 和 / *…… * /

  • JSP风格的注释,即 <%-- 注释内容 --%>

注意事项:

当用户在浏览器中查看JSP源文件时可看见HTML风格的注释,但是看不见Java风格的注释和JSP风格的注释。

综合示例

在此,以示例的形式综合运用JSP基本语法。

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<title>JSP基本语法</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<h2 align="left" style="color: red;">本文作者:谷哥的小弟</h2>
		<h2 align="left" style="color: red;">博客地址:http://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl</h2>

		<!-- THML风格的注释 -->
		<h2>JSP语法学习</h2>

		<% 
          //Java风格的注释
          int number=9527;
          out.println("number="+number+"<br/>");
        %>
		
		<%-- JSP风格的注释 --%>
		<%=System.currentTimeMillis() %>

		<%-- JSP声明 --%>
		<%!
          private String name="lucy";
          private int age=18;
          public void printInfo(){
    	     System.out.println("name="+name+",age="+age);
          }
         %>
	</body>
</html>

index_jsp.java

/*
 * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
 * Version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.19
 * Generated at: 2019-10-04 04:27:09 UTC
 * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
 *       the last modified time of the source file after
 *       generation to assist with modification tracking.
 */
package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;

public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
                 org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {


          private String name="lucy";
          private int age=18;
          public void printInfo(){
    	     System.out.println("name="+name+",age="+age);
          }
         
  private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
          javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

  private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;

  static {
    _jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
    _jspx_imports_classes = null;
  }

  private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
  private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;

  public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_packages;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_classes;
  }

  public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
    if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
          _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
        }
      }
    }
    return _el_expressionfactory;
  }

  public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
    if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
          _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
        }
      }
    }
    return _jsp_instancemanager;
  }

  public void _jspInit() {
  }

  public void _jspDestroy() {
  }

  public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
      throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

    if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
      final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
      if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
      if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
    }

    final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
    javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
    final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
    final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
    final java.lang.Object page = this;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


    try {
      response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">\r\n");
      out.write("<html>\r\n");
      out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<title>JSP基本语法</title>\r\n");
      out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
      out.write("\t<body>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<h2 align=\"left\" style=\"color: red;\">本文作者:谷哥的小弟</h2>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<h2 align=\"left\" style=\"color: red;\">博客地址:http://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl</h2>\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<!-- THML风格的注释 -->\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t<h2>JSP语法学习</h2>\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");
 
          //Java风格的注释
          int number=9527;
          out.println("number="+number+"<br/>");
        
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");
      out.print(System.currentTimeMillis() );
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
      out.write("</html>\r\n");
    } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
      if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
        out = _jspx_out;
        if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
          try {
            if (response.isCommitted()) {
              out.flush();
            } else {
              out.clearBuffer();
            }
          } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
        if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
        else throw new ServletException(t);
      }
    } finally {
      _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
    }
  }
}

转载:https://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl/article/details/102060589
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