PyQt5—Matplotlib 的使用

PyQt5—Matplotlib

一、Matplotlib

1、简介 Matplotlib

• Matplotlib 是 Python 中一个经常用到的绘图模块，提供了一整套与 Matlab 相似的命令 API，适合交互式绘图，也很方便嵌入到 GUI 程序中。

2、Matplotlib 与 PyQt5 结合的简单应用

• 示例代码如下：

  # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  # Time : 2019/10/04 下午 2:54 
  # Author : 御承扬
  # e-mail:2923616405@qq.com
  # project:  PyQt5
  # File : MatplotlibWidget.py 
  # @software: PyCharm
  
  
  import sys
  import random
  import matplotlib
  from PyQt5 import QtCore
  from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
  from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
  from numpy import *
  from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
  from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
  from matplotlib.figure import Figure
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
  
  class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
      def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
          plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['SimHei']
          plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
          self.fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
          self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
          # self.axes.hold(False)
          FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
          self.setParent(parent)
          FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(
              self,
              QSizePolicy.Expanding,
              QSizePolicy.Expanding
          )
          FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
  
      def start_static_plot(self):
          self.fig.suptitle('测试静态图')
          t = arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
          s = sin(2 * pi * t)
          self.axes.plot(t, s)
          self.axes.set_ylabel('静态图：Y 轴')
          self.axes.set_xlabel('静态图：X 轴')
          self.axes.grid(True)
  
      def start_dynamic_plot(self, *args, **kwargs):
          timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
          timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)
          timer.start(1000)
  
      def update_figure(self):
          self.fig.suptitle('测试动态图')
          l = [random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
          self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'r')
          self.axes.set_ylabel('动态图：Y 轴')
          self.axes.set_xlabel('动态图：X 轴')
          self.axes.grid(True)
          self.draw()
  
  
  class MatplotlibWidget(QWidget):
      def __init__(self, parent=None):
          super(MatplotlibWidget, self).__init__(parent)
          self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("./images/Python2.ico"))
          self.setWindowTitle("Matplotlib of PyQt5")
          self.layout = QVBoxLayout(self)
          self.mpl = MyMplCanvas(self, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
          self.mpl_ntb = NavigationToolbar(self.mpl, self)
          self.layout.addWidget(self.mpl)
          self.layout.addWidget(self.mpl_ntb)
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      app = QApplication(sys.argv)
      ui = MatplotlibWidget()
      # ui.mpl.start_static_plot()
      ui.mpl.start_dynamic_plot()
      ui.show()
      sys.exit(app.exec_())