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win10无u盘安装Ubuntu及优化等

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大量参考该文章:https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_41870148/article/details/94232215

从头到尾再总结下:
我的电脑情况如下:bios安全启动项关闭,启动方式为传统。
笔记本出厂默认应该是uefi,为了重装系统,我曾关闭了uefi,安装过win7win10等,如果现在再次打开uefi,无法找到系统,跳出选择硬盘界面。
如果本来就是uefi模式的新机子,无法安装neogrub。参考用easy BCD-添加新条目-便携式外接存储介质-直接加载iso,不在本文记录内容

easy bcd 添加neogrub编辑配置3行代码(非utf-8 别用记事本 用写字板打开 注意hd盘符 文件名)

title Install Ubuntu
root (hd0,0)
kernel (hd0,0)/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-18.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso ro quiet splash locale=zh_CN.UTF-8
initrd (hd0,0)/initrd
vmlinuz、initrd两个文件在iso的casper文件夹,和iso一起放到C盘根目录

重启进入grub引导linux,盘符大小配置和分区类型参考了:https://www.cnblogs.com/q596044192/p/9362403.html

/boot 逻辑分区 201M
/ 主分区 10G (系统)
/home 逻辑分区 剩下全部空间

进系统后安装可能卡在“探测文件系统”

可先用 sudo umount -l /isodevice

全部默认安装就行

重启,进win10用easybcd 添加传统模式引导201m的盘(boot)

删除neogrub
以上安装完毕

更新源:

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释 一定要加默认的源! 不然很多依赖错误

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed main multiverse restricted universe

sudo apt-get update
进系统黑屏:
easy BCD不选 use metro bootloader

双系统时间不一致:

sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 1
安装google chrome:
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable

输入法
sudo apt-get remove ibus
sudo apt-get purge ibus
sudo apt-get remove indicator-keyboard
sudo apt install fcitx-table-wbpy fcitx-config-gtk
im-config -n fcitx
im-config
sudo shutdown -r now
wget http://cdn2.ime.sogou.com/dl/index/1524572264/sogoupinyin_2.2.0.0108_amd64.deb?st=ryCwKkvb-0zXvtBlhw5q4Q&e=1529739124&fn=sogoupinyin_2.2.0.0108_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_2.2.0.0108_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
fcitx-config-gtk3
fcitx设置 >>附加组件>>勾选高级 >>取消经典界面
Configure>> Addon >>Advanced>>Classic

不要sudo密码
sudo visudo
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
改为:
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

最小化 关闭按钮放右边
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action ‘minimize’
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout ‘:minimize,maximize,close’
改变python版本
ln -s /usr/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python
PATH=/usr/bin:$PATH

snap安装 很慢
sudo apt-get install snapd
sudo apt-get install snapcraft
sudo snap install pycharm-community --classic
安装包解压快 -zxvf

pycharm快捷方式
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Pycharm.desktop
输入
[Desktop Entry]
Type = Application
Name = Pycharm
GenericName = Pycharm
Comment = Pycharm:The Python IDE
Exec = sh /home/fhx/pycharm-community-2017.2.3/bin/pycharm.sh
Icon = /home/fhx/pycharm-community-2017.2.3/bin/pycharm.png
Terminal = pycharm
Categories = Pycharm;


转载:https://blog.csdn.net/xianyang5797/article/details/104629918
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