SpringMVC
- (一)、认识MVC三层架构
- (二)、第一个SpringMVC
- (三)、SpringMVC执行原理
-
- 1.中心控制器:
- 2.原理解析(左边部分不用我们操作)
-
-
- (1).DispatcherServlet
- (2).HandlerMapping
- (3).HandlerExpecution
- 【4】.返回给DispatcherServlet
- (5).HandlerAdpate
- (6).Handler让具体的Controller执行
- (7).Controller将拘役的执行信息返回给HandlerAdpate,如Model和View
- 【8】.HandlerAdpter将试图逻辑名或模型传递给DispatcherServlet.
- (9).DispatcherServlet调用视图解析器(VierResolver)来解析HandlerAdpater传递的逻辑视图名
- (10).视图解析器将解析的逻辑视图传给DispatcherServlet
- (11).DispatcherServlet根据视图解析器解析视图的结果,调用器具图的视图。
- (12).最终视图呈现给用户
-
- (四)、深入了解SpringMVC
- (五)、使用注解开发SpringMVC
- (六)、Controller【控制器】
- (七)、RequestMapping【请求映射】
- (八)、RestFul 风格【路径】
- (九)、ModelAndView (视图解析器)
- (十)、数据处理(前后端数据交互)
- (十一)、乱码问题解决
- (十二)、JSON
- (十三)、Controller转JSON数据
- (十四)、FastJson
(一)、认识MVC三层架构
https://springref.com/
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/web.html#mvc%20Spring%20MVC
1.回顾MVC
SpringMVC 控制器默认支持GET和POST两种方式,默认的是转发,而不是重定向。WEB-INF目录下的文件只能通过请求转发进行获取,重定向不能进行获取。
(1).什么是MVC三层框架
经典MVC模式中,M是指业务模型(Model–dao service),V是指用户界面(View – jsp),C则是控制器(Control–servlet),使用MVC的目的是将M和V的实现代码分离,从而使同一个程序可以使用不同的表现形式。其中,View的定义比较清晰,就是用户界面。
(2).MVC要做那些事情?
- 将URL 映射到java类或java方法上
- 封装用户提交的数据
- 处理请求:调用相关的业务处理–封装响应数据
- 将相应的数据进行渲染 .jsp等表示层数据
(3).常见的MVC三层框架结构
常见的服务端MVC框架:Struts,SpringMvc,ASP
常见的前端MVC框架: VUE React
(4).知识拓展
- 全栈 : 后台+前端+数据库+运维
- 前端 : 后台+前端
2.代码回顾
依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet-jsp依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- standard依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit 测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 基本框架 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.19.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
servlet层
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 1.获取前端的参数
String method=req.getParameter("method");
// 2.进行判断要执行哪一个?
if (method != null&&method.equals("add")) {
req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了add方法");
}if (method != null&&method.equals("delete")) {
req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了delete方法");
}
req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
配置web.xml映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>test1</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>test1</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
在WEB-INF下创建jsp文件夹创建test.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 22612
Date: 2022/12/24
Time: 10:28
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>跳转成功了呀</h1>
${
msg}
</body>
</html>
首页设置
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 22612
Date: 2022/12/24
Time: 10:19
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页面加载中</h1>
<form action="hello" method="post">
<input type="text" name="method">
<button type="submit"></button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.什么是SpringMVC
SpringMVC是Spring Framework的一部分,是基于java实现的MVC的轻量级Web框架
- 轻量级,简单易学
- 高效,基于请求相应的MVC框架
- 与Spring兼容性好,无缝结合
- 约定优于配置
- 功能强大: RESTful、数据验证、格式化、本地化、主题等
- 简介灵活
(二)、第一个SpringMVC
0.前提
不要导入: servlet jsp jstl 的这三个jar包到lib目录下,但是要存在于pom.xml里,否则会出现严重的500错误。切记。其他的依赖需要导入lib目录下
1.搭建环境
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet-jsp依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- standard依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit 测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 基本框架 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.19.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
2.配置WEB-INF的XML配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.在资源Resource的包下设置springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 视图解析器:DispatcherServlet给他的ModelAndView -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<bean id="/hello" class="com.Jsxs.controller.helloController"/>
</beans>
4.在WEB-INF的包下进行创建jsp/hello.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${
msg}
</body>
</html>
5.配置控制层的实现
package com.Jsxs.controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
//注意:这里我们先导入Controller接口
public class helloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
// ModelAndView 模型和视图
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//封装对象,放在ModelAndView中
mv.addObject("msg","HelloSpringMVC");
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
}
}
6.注意如果出现404和500的错误
- 首先把继承的包导入到对应的空间中的lib目录中去
- 如果出现500的错误,显示不能创建bean或者什么什么的,这边建议直接另起一个项目,重新建立一个已经配置的web文件。(就是模板)
3.可以不创建新的web模板,我们只需要在创建Model的时候,我们应该对lib目录下进行添加如下几个内容,不能多。
(三)、SpringMVC执行原理
1.中心控制器:
SpringMVC的web框架围绕DispatcherServlet设计,DispatcherServlet的作用就是将请求分发到不同的处理器、从spring2.5开始,用户可以采用基于注解的controller声明方式。
2.原理解析(左边部分不用我们操作)
(1).DispatcherServlet
DispatcherServlet表示前置控制器,是整个SpringMVC的控制核心。用户发出请求,DispatcherServlet接受请求并拦截请求。(映射就是)
- 我们假设请求的url为:
- http://localhost:80/SpringMVC_03_Hello_war/hello
- 如上的url可以分为三部分
- http://http://localhost:80 - - - 服务器域名
- SpringMVC_03_Hello_war - - - 部署在服务器上的web站点
- hello - - - - 表示控制器
- 通过分析,如上url表示为 : 请求位于服务器 localhost:80 上的 SpringMVC_03_Hello_war站点的hello控制器
(2).HandlerMapping
HandlerMapping为处理器映射,DispatcherServlet调用HandlerMapping,HandlerMapping根据url查找 Handler
(3).HandlerExpecution
HandlerExpecution表示具体的Handler,其主要作用是根据url查找控制器,如url被查找控制为 : hello
【4】.返回给DispatcherServlet
HandlerExpecution将解析后的信息传递给DispatcherServlet,如解析控制器映射等
(5).HandlerAdpate
HandlerAdpate表示处理适配器,其按照特定的规则去执行Handler
(6).Handler让具体的Controller执行
(7).Controller将拘役的执行信息返回给HandlerAdpate,如Model和View
【8】.HandlerAdpter将试图逻辑名或模型传递给DispatcherServlet.
(9).DispatcherServlet调用视图解析器(VierResolver)来解析HandlerAdpater传递的逻辑视图名
视图解析器的作用:
1.获取Model和view的数据
2.解析model和view的视图名字
3.拼接试图的名字,找到具体的视图
(10).视图解析器将解析的逻辑视图传给DispatcherServlet
(11).DispatcherServlet根据视图解析器解析视图的结果,调用器具图的视图。
(12).最终视图呈现给用户
(四)、深入了解SpringMVC
(1).在web.xml配置DispatcherServlet 核心
1.配置DispatcherServlet 核心
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
2.配置DispatcherServlet 映射
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
3.绑定spring文件
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
4.启动级别: 就是让他和服务器进行同步
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 1. 配置DispatcherServlet 核心-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 3. DispatcherServlet要绑定Spring的配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 4. 启动级别: 就是让他和服务器进行同步-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 2.
在SpringMVC中,
/ 只匹配所有的请求,不会去请求jsp
/* 匹配所有的请求,会请求jsp
在springMvc中 我们尽量写/
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
(2).配置Spring文件
1.配置处理器映射器
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
2.配置处理器适配器
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
3.配置视图解析器
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
4.配置bean
<bean id="/test" class="com.Jsxs.controller.helloController"/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 处理器映射器: (BNUHM) 对应图 【2】-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- 处理器适配器 对应 图 【5】 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 对应 图 【9】-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 因为处理器映射器需要借助一个bean , 所以我们应该配置一个bean-->
<bean id="/test" class="com.Jsxs.controller.helloController"/>
</beans>
(3).配置控制层(Controller)
1.继承接口Controller接口,重写处理请求的方法
2.创建ModelAndView
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
3.为ModelAndView进行添加业务需求
modelAndView.addObject("msg",result);
4.进行视图的跳转
modelAndView.setViewName("test");
5.返回视图
package com.Jsxs.controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
// 对应 图 【6】
public class helloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
// 创建ModelAndView
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
// 业务代码
String result="你好啊 小明";
modelAndView.addObject("msg",result);
// 视图进行跳转
modelAndView.setViewName("test");
return modelAndView;
}
}
(五)、使用注解开发SpringMVC
(1).使用SpringMVC必须要配置的三大件:
处理器映射器 处理器适配器 视图解析器
(2).如果使用注解进行开发的话
那么 处理器映射器 处理器适配器 就会被自动注入,不用我们去配置了
1.Spring下面的配置(可以写死)
1.进行配置的约束
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
2.扫描注解下面的所有包
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
3.使SpringMVC处理静态资源
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
4.导入驱动的注解
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
5.视图解析器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 扫描包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 支持驱动注解
在spring中一般采用 @RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
要想使 @RequestMapping 注解生效
必须像上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandleMapping
和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实列
这两个实列分别在类级别和方法级别处理
而annotation-driven配置,自动帮我们完成上述的两个实列的注入
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2.注册DispatcherServlet(可以写死 )
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 1. 配置DispatcherServlet 核心-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 3. DispatcherServlet要绑定Spring的配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 4. 启动级别: 就是让他和服务器进行同步-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 2.
在SpringMVC中,
/ 只匹配所有的请求,不会去请求jsp
/* 匹配所有的请求,会请求jsp
在springMvc中 我们尽量写/
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.Controller控制层
1.@Controller 设置为 controller
2. @RequestMapping("/hello") 请求映射
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","hello springAnnotation!!");
return "hello"; //会被试图解析器处理;
}
}
@RequestMapping(“/hello”)才是真正的映射的地址
(六)、Controller【控制器】
- 控制器复杂提供访问应用程序的行为,通常通过接口定义或注解定义两种方法实现
- 在控制器负责解析用户的请求并将其转换成一个模型
- 在Spring MVC中一个控制器类可以包含多个方法
- 在Spring MVC中,对于Controller的配置有很多种
1.实现一个Controller的接口
控制层
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class controllerFirst implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("msg","这是通过接口来实现");
modelAndView.setViewName("hello");
return modelAndView;
}
}
spring层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 开始扫描包下的注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 设置默认-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 设置驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 试图解释器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<bean class="Com.Jsxs.Controller.controllerFirst" id="/hello"/>
</beans>
2.使用注解实现Controller
@Component 组件
@service service
@Controller controller
@Repository dao
1.这个返回类型为字符串的方法,返回值的名字不是随便要起的,而是存在页面的
名字。如果乱其名字的话,我们可能会面临404的尴尬处境
2.方法里面的参数是 Model 不是其他的
控制层
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class TwoController {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","这是利用注解进行开发的数据");
return "hello"; //这个的意思就是说要和jsp文中的文件的名字一样,不能乱起名字
}
}
spring可以不用写bean了
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 开始扫描包下的注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 设置默认-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 设置驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 试图解释器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3.新思路
并不是说一个网站又N张页面,我们就对它设置了N张的JSP,而有可能我们只是对其进行了一些的数据更新,并没有做到每一个数据更新就需要更换一张JSP ;
eg:
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class TwoController {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","这是利用注解进行开发的数据2");
return "hello"; //这个的意思就是说要和jsp文中的文件的名字一样,不能乱起名字
}
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String test2(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","这是利用注解进行开发的数据1");
return "hello"; //这个的意思就是说要和jsp文中的文件的名字一样,不能乱起名字
}
}
(七)、RequestMapping【请求映射】
@RequestMapping 是 Spring Web 应用程序中最常被用到的注解之一。这个注解会将 HTTP 请求映射到 MVC 和 REST 控制器的处理方法上。
1.RequestMapping在方法上
RequestMapping在方法上会精确的找到这一 个方法
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class Controller2 {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","进入了控制层2,映射是hello2");
return "hello"; //这个的意思就是说要和jsp文中的文件的名字一样,不能乱起名字
}
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String test2(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","进入了控制层2,映射是hello1");
return "hello"; //这个的意思就是说要和jsp文中的文件的名字一样,不能乱起名字
}
}
2.RequestMapping在类上
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello3")
public class Controller3 {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","进入了控制层3,映射的IP是hello3");
return "hello";
}
}
3.RequestMapping在类上和方法上同时存在
我们要先访问类路径上的然后再访问方法路上的,相当于加了一层
http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/hello3/hello2
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello3")
public class Controller3 {
@RequestMapping("hello2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","进入了控制层3,映射的IP是hello3");
return "hello";
}
}
(八)、RestFul 风格【路径】
1.Restful 概念
Restful 一种软件架构风格、设计风格,而不是标准,只是提供了一组设计原则和约束条件。它主要用于客户端和服务器交互类的软件。就是用于一个资源的定位操作。基于这个风格设计的软件可以更简洁,更有层次,更易于实现缓存等机制。
2.RestFul 功能
- 资源: 互联网所有事务都可以被认为是抽象资源
- 资源操作: 使用 POST、DELETE、PUT、GET
- 分别对应着增删改查
3.传统方式操作资源
http://127.0.0.1/item/queryItem.action?id=1 查询 GET
http://127.0.0.1/item/saveItem.action 新增 POST
http://127.0.0.1/item/updateItem.action 更新 POST
http://127.0.0.1/item/deleteItem.action?id=1 删除 GET或POST
4.使用RestFul操作资源:
通过不同的请求方式来实现不同的效果!如下: 请求地址一样,但是功能可以不同!
http://127.0.0.1/item/1 查询 GET
http://127.0.0.1/item 新增 POST
http://127.0.0.1/item 更新 PUT
http://127.0.0.1/item/1 删除 DELETE
(1).后端挖空前端怎么输入【旧的】
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String test(int a, int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
(2).后端挖空(路径)前端怎么输入【RestFul风格】
1.添加注解: @PathVariable
2.(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model)
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
@RequestMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
(3).RequestMethod.DELETE方式进行获取【1】
SpringMVC 控制器默认支持GET和POST两种方式
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
@RequestMapping(name = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
指定为RequestMethod.GET进行获取
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
@RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
(4).利用注解提交的方式【2】
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
// @RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
(5).四种注解的提交方式
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}") get方式进行提交
@PostMapping("/add/{a}/{b}") post方式进行提交
@DeleteMapping("/add/{a}/{b}") delete方式进行提交
@PutMapping("/add/{a}/{b}") put方式进行提交
(6).访问地址相同,但是提交方式不同
实质: 就是提交的方式不同,所以在路径相同的情况下访问的内容不同
首先创建一个a.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="add/1/2" method="post">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
创建一个类,类中有两个方法分别对应着不同的调用方式
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add/1/2
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为get1:"+result);
return "hello";
}
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add/1/2
@PostMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test1(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为post2:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
通过请求转发,也就是方法一默认的GET方式提交>
通过表单进行提交,提交方式为post,提交的位置是方法2利用post提交
(7).访问地址相同,提交方式也相同
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
public class Controller4 {
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add?a=1&b=2
// 原来的方式,前端如何给后端赋值? 路径?a=变量1&b=变量2
// @RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add/1/2
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为get1:"+result);
return "hello";
}
// http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/add/1/2
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test1(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int result=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为post2:"+result);
return "hello";
}
}
(九)、ModelAndView (视图解析器)
设置ModelAndView对象,根据View的名称和视图解析器跳到指定的页面;
页面: {视图解析器前缀}+viewName+{视图解析器后缀}
1.跟据视图解析器进行转发的两种形式
(1).利用Servlet进行跳转
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "hello";
}
}
(2).利用Model进行跳转
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","通过Model进行视图的跳转");
return "hello";
}
}
(3).路径映射的问题怎么解决
因为在JSP中我们不能使用绝对路径,所以我们要使用EL表达式进行干涉
如何干涉? ${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login.do
2.没有视图解析器的转发方式
(1).全限定名进行转发
Spring
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 开始扫描包下的注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 设置默认-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 设置驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
控制层
return "/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
}
}
必须要使用全限定名
(2).forward进行转发
return "forward:/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "forward:/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
}
}
(3).redirect进行重定向(访问不到WEB-INF)
return "redirect:/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "redirect:/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp";
}
}
(4).redirect进行重定向访问(非WEB-INF文件夹)
return "redirect:/a.jsp";
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "redirect:/a.jsp";
}
}
(5).转发会走视图解析器,重定向不会走视图解析器
视图解析器配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 开始扫描包下的注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 设置默认-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 设置驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 试图解释器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
Controller
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class Controller5 {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","通过Session进行获取");
return "redirect:/a.jsp";
}
}
重定向: 路径发生了变化
转发: 转发成功后路径没有变化
3.转发和重定向
(1).转发和重定向的含义
WEB-INF 目录是对客户端进行隐藏的,是服务器级别,所以重定向不到,要想访问得到需要写Controller处理。
转发:属于内部访问,可以访问WEB-INF下面的文件夹
重定向: 属于外部访问,不可以访问WEB-INF下面的文件夹
(2).转发和重定向的区别
- 转向URL不会变化,重定向URL会变化。
- 转发才会走视图解析器,重定向不会走试图解析器
(十)、数据处理(前后端数据交互)
1.前端传递给后端数据【request,respone】
实体类
package Com.Jsxs.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private int sex;
}
控制层
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class Controller6 {
@GetMapping("/t1")
public String test(String name, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
// 1.接受到前端的数据
System.out.println("接受到的前端数据为:"+name);
// 2.将结果返回给前端
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
}
http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/user/t1?name=%22%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%8E%22
2.前端给后端传数据【Model】
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class Controller6 {
@GetMapping("/t1")
public String test(String name, Model model){
// 1.接受到前端的数据
System.out.println("接受到的前端数据为:"+name);
// 2.将结果返回给前端
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
}
3.前端给后端传数据【注解】
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class Controller6 {
@GetMapping("/t1")
public String test(@RequestParam("username") String name, Model model){
// 1.接受到前端的数据
System.out.println("接受到的前端数据为:"+name);
// 2.将结果返回给前端
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
}
只能当使用新起的名字才有效,旧名字没有效
新名字才能传递
4.前端给后端传递一个对象【对象】
1.接受前端用户传递的参数,判断参数的名字,假设名字直接在方法上,可以直接使用
2.传递的是一个对象,匹配User对象中的字段名;如果说名字一致则赋值,否则就不能进行赋值
如果使用对象的话,前端传递的参数名和对象名必须一致,否则直接为null
控制层
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class Controller6 {
/*
1.接受前端用户传递的参数,判断参数的名字,假设名字直接在方法上,可以直接使用
2.传递的是一个对象,匹配User对象中的字段名;如果说名字一致则赋值,否则就不能进行赋值
*/
@GetMapping("/t2")
public String test2(User user,Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg",user);
return "hello";
}
}
http://localhost/SpringMVC_06_Controller_war_exploded/user/t2?id=1&name=%22%E6%9D%8E%22&age=3
一一对应的操作
并不是一一对应的情况下
5.后端展现给前端数据(四种)
(1).Model
@GetMapping("/t2")
public String test2(User user,Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg",user);
return "hello";
}
(2).Servlet进行获取
@GetMapping("/t1")
public String test(String name, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
// 2.将结果返回给前端
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
(3).ModelAndView进行获取
@GetMapping("/t3")
public ModelAndView test3(String name){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("msg",name);
modelAndView.setViewName("hello");
return modelAndView;
}
(4).ModelMap 【暂且不适用,还没掌握】
@GetMapping("/t4")
public String test4(String name){
ModelMap modelMap=new ModelMap();
modelMap.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
6.后端传入前端方法的对比
- Model 只有寥寥几个方法只适合于存储数据,简化版
- ModelMap 继承了LinkedMap,除了实现了自身的一些方法,同样实现了LinkedMap的方法和特性
- ModelAndView 可以在储存数据的同时,可以进行设置返回逻辑视图
(十一)、乱码问题解决
1.form表单提交的方式是Post然而控制层是Get
Form表单
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/encoding/t1" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
控制层
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/encoding")
public class EncodingController {
@GetMapping ("/t1")
public String test1(){
return "hello";
};
}
2.form表单提交转发出现乱码的问题
前端页面展示
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/encoding/t1" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
控制层代码展现
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/encoding")
public class EncodingController {
@PostMapping ("/t1")
public String test1(String name, Model model)
{
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "hello";
}
}
输入中文并且提交
提交转发后出现乱码数据
(1).过滤器解决乱码
过滤器类
package Com.Jsxs.filter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
chain.doFilter(request,response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
web.xml注册过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 注册过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>Com.Jsxs.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(2).Method的提交方式
GET: 方法不会出现乱码
POST: 可能会出现乱码
(3).SpringMVC web.xml配置解决中文乱码问题
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 注册过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(4).Tomcat配置中文UTF-8解决中文乱码
(十二)、JSON
1.什么是JSON?
前后端分离时代:
后端部署后端,提供接口,提供数据。
- 对象
- JSON
前端独立部署,负责渲染后端,展示数据。
- HTML
(1).json的概念
JSON(JavaScript Object Notation, JS对象简谱)是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。它基于 ECMAScript(European Computer Manufacturers Association, 欧洲计算机协会制定的js规范)的一个子集,采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据。简洁和清晰的层次结构使得 JSON 成为理想的数据交换语言。 易于人阅读和编写,同时也易于机器解析和生成,并有效地提升网络传输效率。
2.JavaScript与JSON的区别
(1).JavaScript
在JavaScript 语言中,一切都是对象。因此,任何JavaScript支持的类型都可以通过JSON来表示,列入字符串,数字,对象,数组等。
- 对象表示为键值对,数据由逗号分隔
- 花括号表示为对象
- 方括号表示数组
(2)JSON
JSON键值对是用来保存JavaScript对象的一种方式,和JavaScript对象的写法也大同小异,键/值对的键名写在前面并用双引号 " " 包裹,使用冒号 : 分割,然后接着是值。
{
"name": "吉士先生"}
{
"age": 3}
(3).JavaScript与JSON的区别
- JSON 是javaScript 对象的字符串表示法,它使用文本表示一个JS对象的信息,本质是一个字符串。
var obj={
a: 'hello' , b: 'world'}; 这是一个对象,注意见名也可以使用引号包裹
var json='{"a" : "hello" , "b" : "world"}'; 这是一个JSON字符串,本质是一个字符串
JSON和JavaScript对象互转
- 要实现从JSON字符串转换为JavaScript对象,使用JSON.parse()方法
var obj=JSON.parse('{"a" : "hello" , "b" : "world"}');
结果是javaScript对象: {
a: 'hello' , b: 'world'};
- 要实现从JavaScript对象转换为JSON字符串,使用JSON.stringify()方法
var obj=JSON.stringify({
a: 'hello' , b: 'world'});
结果是JSON字符串 '{"a" : "hello" , "b" : "world"}'
(4).测试演练
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!-- 编写一个JavaScript对象-->
var user={
name : "吉士先生",
sex : "26"
};
console.log(user);
// 将js对象转换为JSON字符串
var json=JSON.stringify(user);
console.log("js对象转换为JSON字符串为"+json);
// 将JSON字符串转换为js对象
var user2=JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(user));
console.log(user2)
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
(十三)、Controller转JSON数据
- Jackson应该是目前比较好的json解析工具了
- 当然工具不止这一个,比如还有阿里巴巴的fastjason
- 我们这里使用Jackson,使用它需要导入它的jar包
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
1.搭配环境
(0).去Aftrical里面导入lib目录
不要忘记新添加的jar包也要导入进去
(1).导入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>SpringMVC-07-JSON</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
(2).配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 注册DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(3).配置spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 扫描注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 默认处理器-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解释器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2. toString
@ResponseBody 添加上此注解之后此方法就不会走视图解析器了,会返回你真实返回的东西,一般是字符串,实现了前后端分离
@RequestMapping(value = "/j1",produces = {
"text/html;charset=UTF-8;","application/json;charset=UTF-8;"})
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/j1",produces = {
"text/html;charset=UTF-8;","application/json;charset=UTF-8;"})
@ResponseBody // 添加上此注解之后此方法就不会走视图解析器了,会返回你真实返回的东西,一般是字符串,实现了前后端分离
public String test(){
// 创建一个对象
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
String s = user.toString();
return s;
}
}
返回了对象的内容以字符串的形式;
3.解决JSON乱码的问题【必配】
过滤器解决的是字符集乱码的问题,这个解决的是JSON乱码问题
第一种决绝JSON乱码问题 【推荐】
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">
<!-- 扫描注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="Com.Jsxs.Controller"/>
<!-- 默认处理器-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 驱动器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- JSON乱码问题配置-->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="objectMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
<property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 视图解释器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种解决JSON乱码问题 【不推荐】
@RequestMapping(value = "/j1",produces = {"text/html;charset=UTF-8;","application/json;charset=UTF-8;"})
4.@ResponseBody 注解
@ResponseBody 添加上此注解之后此方法就不会走视图解析器了,会返回你真实返回的东西,一般是字符串,实现了前后端分离. 搭配着@Controller进行实现。
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@Controller //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j1")
@ResponseBody
public String test() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 创建一个对象
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
}
5.@RestController 注解
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j1")
public String test() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 创建一个对象
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
}
6.Java对象转JSON字符串【对象】
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@Controller //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j1")
@ResponseBody
public String test() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 创建一个对象
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
}
7.Java集合转JSON字符串【集合】
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.writeValueAsString(userList);
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j2")
public String test2() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
// 创建一个对象
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
User user2 = new User("吉士先生2",21,"男");
User user3 = new User("吉士先生3",21,"男");
User user4 = new User("吉士先生4",21,"男");
User user5 = new User("吉士先生5",21,"男");
userList.add(user);
userList.add(user2);
userList.add(user3);
userList.add(user4);
userList.add(user5);
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(userList);
return s;
}
}
8.Java日期转JSON字符串【日期】
(1).输出的是时间戳
Date date = new Date(); 输出的话会是一个 时间戳
date.toString(); 输出的话会是一个 GMT
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j3")
public String test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 创建一个对象
Date date = new Date();
// 自定义日期格式
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(date.toString());
return s;
}
}
(2).时间戳转换为自定义日期格式
把时间戳转换为自定义的日期格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
sdf.format(date);
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j3")
public String test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 创建一个对象
Date date = new Date();
// 自定义日期格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(sdf.format(date));
return s;
}
}
(3).自定义日期格式+更改配置
mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS,false);
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j3")
public String test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS,false);
// 创建一个对象
Date date = new Date();
// 自定义日期格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);
String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(date);
return s;
}
}
(十四)、FastJson
1.什么是FastJson?
在前后端数据传输交互中,经常会遇到字符串(String)与json,XML等格式相互转换与解析,其中json以跨语言,跨前后端的优点在开发中被频繁使用,基本上可以说是标准的数据交换格式。fastjson 是一个java语言编写的高性能且功能完善的JSON库,它采用一种“假定有序快速匹配”的算法,把JSON Parse 的性能提升到了极致.它的接口简单易用,已经被广泛使用在缓存序列化,协议交互,Web输出等各种应用场景中。可以方便的实现Json对象与JavaBean对象的转换,实现JavaBEAN对象与json字符串的转换。
2.搭配环境
(1).导入依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.60</version>
</dependency>
(2).在Aftrical里面的lib目录添加jar包
3.FastJson实战演练
System.out.println("********Java 对象 转 JSON 字符串*********");
String s = JSON.toJSONString(userList);
System.out.println("Java 对象转换Json字符串为:"+userList);
System.out.println("\n********JSON 字符串 转 Java 对象*********");
User user1 = JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(user2),User.class);
System.out.println("JSON 字符串转换Java对象为:"+user1);
System.out.println("\n********Java 对象 转 JSON 对象*********");
JSONObject o = (JSONObject) JSON.toJSON(user2);
System.out.println("Java 对象转换为JSON对象后为:"+o.getString("name"));
System.out.println("\n********JSON 对象 转 Java 对象*********");
User user6 = JSON.toJavaObject(o, User.class);
System.out.println("JSON 对象转换Java 对象后为:"+user6);
package Com.Jsxs.Controller;
import Com.Jsxs.pojo.User;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@RestController //这个注解直接不走视图解析器了,实现前后端分离
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/j4")
public String test4(){
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
User user = new User("吉士先生",21,"男");
User user2 = new User("吉士先生2",21,"男");
User user3 = new User("吉士先生3",21,"男");
User user4 = new User("吉士先生4",21,"男");
User user5 = new User("吉士先生5",21,"男");
userList.add(user);
userList.add(user2);
userList.add(user3);
userList.add(user4);
userList.add(user5);
System.out.println("********Java 对象 转 JSON 字符串*********");
String s = JSON.toJSONString(userList);
System.out.println("Java 对象转换Json字符串为:"+userList);
System.out.println("\n********JSON 字符串 转 Java 对象*********");
User user1 = JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(user2),User.class);
System.out.println("JSON 字符串转换Java对象为:"+user1);
System.out.println("\n********Java 对象 转 JSON 对象*********");
JSONObject o = (JSONObject) JSON.toJSON(user2);
System.out.println("Java 对象转换为JSON对象后为:"+o.getString("name"));
System.out.println("\n********JSON 对象 转 Java 对象*********");
User user6 = JSON.toJavaObject(o, User.class);
System.out.println("JSON 对象转换Java 对象后为:"+user6);
return s;
}
}
转载:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_69683957/article/details/128425999