小言_互联网的博客

PyQT5 主窗口打开新窗口(帮助文档)

2021-04-16 08:31 613人阅读  评论(0)

问题

在学习基于PyQt5写软件界面的帮助文档时，帮助文档或按钮弹出的新窗口界面想实现的QMessageBox的效果。即弹出的界面不关闭则不能操作主窗口，因为对Python和PyQt5并不是很熟悉，所以废了一番周折，查帮助文档 QMessageBox 继承自 QDialog，那么如果界面继承自 QDialog 可否实现 呢？ 貌似是可以的！

解决

界面UI转py

首先基于Qt Designer 制作一个主界面和一个帮助窗口并转成.py

主界面UI

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(688, 310)
        self.centralWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralWidget.setObjectName("centralWidget")
        self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.centralWidget)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 661, 221))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName("textBrowser")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.menuBar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menuBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 688, 23))
        self.menuBar.setObjectName("menuBar")
        self.menuMenu = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menuBar)
        self.menuMenu.setObjectName("menuMenu")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menuBar)
        self.toolBar = QtWidgets.QToolBar(MainWindow)
        self.toolBar.setObjectName("toolBar")
        MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.toolBar)
        self.statusBar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusBar.setObjectName("statusBar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)
        self.actionAbout = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionAbout.setObjectName("actionAbout")
        self.actionHelp = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionHelp.setObjectName("actionHelp")
        self.menuMenu.addAction(self.actionAbout)
        self.menuBar.addAction(self.menuMenu.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.textBrowser.setHtml(_translate("MainWindow", "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
"<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
"p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
"</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">假装我是主窗口，我这里有可多牛逼的功能了。</p>\n"
"<p style=\"-qt-paragraph-type:empty; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\"><br /></p>\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">假设你按快捷键F1或点击菜单Help下的About就调出来帮助文档或其他需求的窗口。</p>\n"
"<p style=\"-qt-paragraph-type:empty; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\"><br /></p>\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">打开的新窗口不关闭就不能操作主窗口！</p>\n"
"<p style=\"-qt-paragraph-type:empty; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\"><br /></p></body></html>"))
        self.menuMenu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Help"))
        self.toolBar.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "toolBar"))
        self.actionAbout.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "About"))
        self.actionAbout.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "F1"))
        self.actionHelp.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Help"))
        self.actionHelp.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "F2"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

关于UI

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets

class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(519, 305)
        Dialog.setSizeGripEnabled(True)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 260, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Dialog)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 30, 411, 211))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName("textBrowser")

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(Dialog.close)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "假装我是帮助文档窗口"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "关闭"))
        self.textBrowser.setHtml(_translate("Dialog", "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
"<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
"p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
"</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">假装主窗口点击调出的新窗口。</p>\n"
"<p style=\"-qt-paragraph-type:empty; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\"><br /></p>\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">在假装这是帮助文档窗口，你一看就知道怎么用的！</p></body></html>"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Dialog = QtWidgets.QDialog()
    ui = Ui_Dialog()
    ui.setupUi(Dialog)
    Dialog.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

逻辑

主界面逻辑

当点击菜单下About或按快捷键F1时显示新窗口(帮助文档)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing MainWindow.
"""

import sys
import os

from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow

from Ui_MainWindow import Ui_MainWindow
from About import Dialog

os.system("cls")

class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_actionAbout_triggered(self):
        dlg = Dialog()
        print(dlg.exec_())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ui = MainWindow()
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

帮助文档界面逻辑

这里为了新窗口（帮助文档）的界面与逻辑分离

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing Dialog.
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QDialog
from Ui_About import Ui_Dialog

class Dialog(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Dialog, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

最终

当运行MainWindow.py时主界面显示可操作，通过F1调取帮助文档窗口，帮助文档窗口不关闭，则主界面不可操作。


转载：https://blog.csdn.net/xianvfx/article/details/115694734
查看评论
* 以上用户言论只代表其个人观点，不代表本网站的观点或立场