用Qt 5写一个串口收发桌面工具

今天用Qt写了一个串口收发工具，记录下整个流程。

1、项目工程布局

2、ui文件布局

3、widget.h文件

  

   

    

     

    
    

     

      #ifndef WIDGET_H
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #define WIDGET_H
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QWidget>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPort>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPortInfo>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QTimer>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      namespace Ui { 
      class Widget; }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      QT_END_NAMESPACE
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      class Widget : 
      public QWidget
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          Q_OBJECT
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      public:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          Widget(QWidget *parent = 
      nullptr);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          ~Widget();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      private:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          Ui::Widget *ui;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          QSerialPort *pSerialPort;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          QByteArray recvData;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      };
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #endif // WIDGET_H
     
    
  

4、widget.cpp文件

  

   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include "widget.h"
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include "ui_widget.h"
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QDebug>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QMessageBox>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QFileDialog>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QFile>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QTextStream>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          : QWidget(parent)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          , ui(
      new Ui::Widget)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          ui->setupUi(
      this);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          ui->widget->setWindowTitle(
      "串口助手");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          pSerialPort = 
      NULL;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //枚举识别到的com口
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //写法一:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
   
      /* foreach(QSerialPortInfo info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())//读串口
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       QSerialPort port;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       port.setPort(info);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       if(port.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))//如果串口可以读写的形式打开
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ui->comboBox_portName->addItem(info.portName()); //显示出来
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       port.close();//自动关闭等待人为打开
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       }*/
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //写法二
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          QList<QSerialPortInfo> seriList = QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      for(
      int i = 
      0;i <seriList.count();i++ )
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              QSerialPort port;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              port.setPort(seriList.at(i));
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      if(port.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  ui->comboBox_portName->addItem(seriList.at(i).portName());
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  port.close();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //信号槽连接打开按钮和相关处理操作
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          connect(ui->openBtn,&QPushButton::clicked,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      if(pSerialPort != 
      NULL)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  QMessageBox::warning(
      this,
      "警告",
      "已有活跃串口,请先关闭再打开");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
            
      return;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort = 
      new QSerialPort(
      this);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setPortName(ui->comboBox_portName->currentText());
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setBaudRate(ui->comboBox_bandRate->currentText().toInt());
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              connect(pSerialPort,&QSerialPort::readyRead,
      this,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  recvData = pSerialPort->readAll();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
            
      if(!recvData.isEmpty())
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                      ui->textEdit_read->append(recvData);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  recvData.clear();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //发送数据信号槽连接
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          connect(ui->sendBtn,&QPushButton::clicked,
      this,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      if(
      NULL ==  pSerialPort )
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
            
      return;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->write(ui->lineEdit_write->text().toUtf8());
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              ui->lineEdit_write->clear();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //清空按钮信号槽连接
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          connect(ui->clearBtn,&QPushButton::clicked,
      this,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              ui->textEdit_read->clear();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //关闭串口按钮信号槽连接
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          connect(ui->closeBtn,&QPushButton::clicked,
      this,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort->close();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      delete pSerialPort;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              pSerialPort = 
      NULL;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      //保存按钮信号槽连接
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          connect(ui->saveBtn,&QPushButton::clicked,
      this,[=](){
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      if(ui->textEdit_read->document()->isEmpty())
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  QMessageBox::warning(
      this,
      "警告",
      "记录不能为空");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
            
      return;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              QString path = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(
      this,
      "保存log记录",
      "log记录",
      "(*.txt)");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              qDebug()<<path;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
        
      if (path.isEmpty())
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

                  QMessageBox::warning(
      this,
      "路径",
      "路径不能为空");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
            
      return ;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              QFile file(path);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly|QIODevice::Text);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              QTextStream stream(&file);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              stream<<ui->textEdit_read->toPlainText();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

              file.close();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          });
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          ui->lineEdit_write->setFocus();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      Widget::~Widget()
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      delete ui;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
  

5、main.cpp 文件

  

   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include "widget.h"
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <QApplication>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      QApplication a(argc, argv);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          Widget w;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

          w.show();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
    
      return a.exec();
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
  

6、Serial.pro中要加入 serialport 模块

7.运行效果（电脑上外接串口，然后串口Tx和Rx短接，用作自发自收）