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C# 并行编程

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一 并行任务库TPL

1 并行任务库(TPL,Task Parallel Library)

2 最重要的是Task类,还有Parallel类

3 Task类,是利用线程池来进行任务的执行

比如直接用ThreadPool更优化,而且编程更方便

4 Paallel类,是并行执行任务类的实用类

好处是可以隐式地实用Task,更方便。

二 Task类的使用

1 使用Task.Run方法来得到Task的实例

2 Tasktask=Task.Run()=>SomeFun());

3 可以使用Task.WaitAll(task数组)

4 可以使用task.ContinueWith(另一个task)

5 Task中的异常

可以使用AggregateException(合并的异常)

try
{
   
	Task.WaitAll(task1,task2,task3);
}
catch (AggregateException ex)
{
   
	foreach (Exception inner in ex.InnerException)
	{
   
		Console.WriteLine("Exception type{0} from {1}",
		inner.GetType(),inner.Source);
	}
}

三 Parallel类的使用

Parallel.Invoke(Action[] actions);//并行执行多个任务,直到完成
Parallel.For(0,100,i>={…})
Parallel.ForEach(list,item=>{…})

四 并行Linq

1 并行Linq(即PLinq)

2 只要在集合上加个.AsParallel()

var a=(from n in persons.AsParallel()
where n.Age>20&&n.Age<25
select n)
.ToList();

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;

namespace 使用Task
{
   
    internal class Program
    {
   
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
   
            Task<double>[] tasks =
            {
   
                Task.Run(()=>SomeFun()),
                Task.Run(()=>SomeFun()),
            };

            Thread.Sleep(1);

            for(int i=0;i<tasks.Length;i++)
            {
   
                Console.WriteLine(tasks[i].Status);//可以查看状态
                Console.WriteLine(tasks[i].Result);//取Result时,会等到计算结束
            }
            Task.WaitAll(tasks);//也可以用这句,来等结束
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static void DoSometing() {
    }
        static double SomeFun() {
    Thread.Sleep(50);return 0; }
    }
}


 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace 并行计算矩阵乘法
{
   
    internal class Program
    {
   
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
   
            int m = 100, n = 400, t = 1000;
            double[,] ma = new double[m, n];
            double[,] mb = new double[n, t];
            double[,] r1 = new double[m, t];
            double[,] r2 = new double[m, t];

            InitMatrix(ma);
            InitMatrix(mb);
            InitMatrix(r1);
            InitMatrix(r2);

            Console.WriteLine("矩阵乘法");

            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            MultiMatrixNormal(ma, mb, r1);
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("普通方法用时" + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);

            sw.Restart();
            MultiMatrixParallel(ma, mb, r2);
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("并行方法用时" + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);

            bool ok = CompareMatrix(r1, r2);
            Console.WriteLine("结果相同" + ok);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static Random rnd = new Random();

        static void InitMatrix(double[,] matA)
        {
   
            int m = matA.GetLength(0);
            int n = matA.GetLength(1);
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            {
   
                for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
                {
   
                    matA[i, j] = rnd.Next();
                }
            }
        }

        static void MultiMatrixNormal(double[,] matA, double[,] matB, double[,] result)
        {
   
            int m = matA.GetLength(0);
            int n = matA.GetLength(1);
            int t = matB.GetLength(1);

            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            {
   
                for (int j = 0; j < t; j++)
                {
   
                    double temp = 0;
                    for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)
                    {
   
                        temp += matA[i, k] * matB[k, j];
                    }
                    result[i, j] = temp;
                }
            }
        }

        static void MultiMatrixParallel(double[,] matA, double[,] matB, double[,] result)
        {
   
            int m = matA.GetLength(0);
            int n = matA.GetLength(1);
            int t = matB.GetLength(1);

            Parallel.For(0, m, i =>
                {
   
                    for (int j = 0; j < t; j++)
                    {
   
                        double temp = 0;
                        for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)
                        {
   
                            temp += matA[i, k] * matB[k, j];
                        }
                        result[i, j] = temp;
                    }
                });
        }

        static bool CompareMatrix(double[,] matA,double[,] matB)
        {
   
            int m = matA.GetLength(0);
            int n = matA.GetLength(1);
            for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
            {
   
                for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
                {
   
                    if (Math.Abs(matA[i, j] - matB[i, j]) > 0.1)
                        return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}


 

转载:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42291376/article/details/128473392
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